3.1.4 Host tyrosine kinase receptor
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a group of growth factor receptors that are autophosphorylated after ligand binding (Lemmon and Schlessinger, 2010). Dong et al introduced an RTK inhibitor named (A9) as a robust inhibitor of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection belong to Alphacoronavirus genera as a surrogate model for CoV in cell-based assays (Dong et al., 2020). The specific RTK inhibitors (RTKIs), known as AG879 and tyrphostin A9 (A9), are also reported as strong antiviral activity against the influenza A virus (Kumar et al., 2011). It was shown that blocking the receptor kinase activity by approved inhibitors broadly impair infection by all major HCV genotypes and viral escape variants in cell culture and in a human liver chimeric mouse model (Jilg and Chung, 2012). The tyrosine kinase inhibitor such as genistein can block the replication of HIV-1, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and Arenavirus (Vela et al., 2008). These findings suggest a potentially promising host-centered approach like RTKs to treat the 2019-nCoV.