Bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy was performed under the following conditions: decreased respiratory sounds corresponding to the lesion site during auscultation; ineffective anti-infection treatment; chest image showing large area of pulmonary consolidation. Bronchoscopic reexamination was conducted when chest imaging showed poor absorption of lung lesions and the airway still harbored a mucous embolus one week after bronchoscopy had been conducted in spite of systemic hormone and anti-MP treatment.
Bronchoscopic procedures were as follows: for each patient, the nasal cavity and pharynx were locally anesthetized with 1% lidocaine prior to the procedure. After sedation via intravenous injection of 0.1-0.3 ml/kg midazolam, bronchoscopy was performed using either an Olympus BFXP-260F model (outer diameter 2.8 mm) or Olympus BF P-260F model (outer diameter 4.0 mm) bronchoscope via entry through the nostril. Changes in mucosa of the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchus, and subsegmental mucosa were observed in turn. If the mesh foreign body basket was blocked by mucous plugs or the cell brush removed mucus plugs from the airway, deep subsegmental bronchi lumens were infused with not more than 5 ml/kg 0.9% sodium chloride according to patient body weight. Routine examination of lavage fluid was conducted to determine etiology.
The study was approved by the ethics committee of Beijing Children’s Hospital. All parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent before conducting the study and any study-related procedures.