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\begin{document}

\title{Web-Crawling of Social Media to Analyze Backyard Poultry Owners
Responses to the 2018-2020 Virulent Newcastle Disease (vND) Outbreak in
Southern California}



\author[1]{Joseph  Gendreau }%
\author[2]{Shayne Ramsubeik}%
\author[1]{Maurice Pitesky}%
\affil[1]{University of California Davis Department of Population Health and Reproduction}%
\affil[2]{California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory Turlock}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 22, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
As social media becomes an ever-increasing staple of everyday life and a
growing percentage of people turn to community driven platforms as a
primary source of information, the data created from these posts can
provide a new source of information from which to better understand an
event in near real-time. The 2018-2020 outbreak of virulent Newcastle
Disease (vND) in Southern California is the third outbreak of vND in
Southern California within a 50-year time span. These outbreaks are
thought to be primarily driven by non-commercial poultry (i.e. backyard
and game fowl) in the region. Here we employed a commercial ``web
crawling'' tool between June of 2018 and July of 2020 which encompassed
the majority of the outbreak in order to collect all available online
mentions of virulent Newcastle Disease (vND) in relation to the
outbreak. A total of 2,498 posts in English and Spanish were returned
using a Boolean logic-based string search. While the number of posts was
relatively small, their impact as measured by the number of visitors to
the website and the number of people viewing the post (where provided)
was much larger. Using views as a metric, Twitter was identified as the
most significant source of comments over blogs, forums and other news
sites. Posts with negative sentiment were found to have a larger
audience relative to posts with a positive sentiment. In addition, posts
with negative sentiment peaked in May of 2019 which preceded the
formation of the anti-depopulation group Save Our Birds (SOB). As the
usage and impact of social media grows, the ability to utilize tools to
analyze social media may improve both response and outreach-based
strategies for various disease outbreaks including vND in Southern
California which has a large non-commercial poultry population.%
\end{abstract}%



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