INTRODUCTION
As we all known, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still a leading cause of death in the globe. Currently, it is more and more common due to aging and unhealthy lifestyle. With the rapid development of biomedical technology, novel diagnostic and research tools, new insights into mechanisms and therapeutic agents, and fresh evaluation and preventive methods (e.g., a magic “polypills”, that is, “environment-sleep-emotion-exercise-diet” intervention [E(e)SEEDi]) (1) make a big change in its mortality and outcomes.
As a front-line clinical doctor, the author has made giant efforts to trace the origin and mechanisms of future CVD (fCVD). Luckily, five core elements, “environment-sleep-emotion-exercise-diet” [E(e)SEED], have been discovered and highly contribute to human cardiovascular health. Based on this discovery, a novel classification of clinical risk factors based on unhealthy E(e)SEED intervention [E(e)SEEDi] lifestyle has been developed. In fact, many major risk factors related to unhealthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle could result in fCVD.
For example, as one’s internal environment, on the one hand, a genetic or family history is an important risk factor of fCVD; On the other hand, as major non-communicable diseases, both established CVD (eCVD) and fCVD highly link to acute or chronic infection, which leads to abnormal status in one’s internal environment. So far, the COVID-19 pandemics are still continuing due to the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. A recent study found that COVID-19 is a high risk factor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes (2). It can be said that SARS-CoV-2 and its variants are new origins of both eCVD and fCVD since there are more than 522.783 million confirmed cases and over 6.27 million deaths in the globe (May 23, 2022) according to the report of the World Health Organization.