Discussion
This case is a presentation of rare association between TS and bronchiectasis. To the extent of our knowledge, this coexistence is rare and hardly ever reported in the literature.
There are a large number of etiologic factors that have been described to cause bronchiectasis [10]. Rarely enough, a case of ciliary aplasia was reported as a cause for bronchiectasis in TS [11]. Etiology of our case’s bronchiectasis has not been determined. Both cystic fibrosis and ciliary aplasia were excluded. Bronchiectasis etiology is possible to be congenital. However, as there is only a little data on this association, TS cannot be established yet as a primary cause for congenital bronchiectasis and further research should be done to study this correlation [12].
The 32-old patient is amenorrheic with underdeveloped female organs. She has never received hormone replacement therapy (HRT). It might be beneficial for future studies to consider following the absence of HRT when dealing with TS and bronchiectasis.
She has never reported similar respiratory symptoms before and medical history is remarkable in terms of repeated upper or lower airway infections. Infective pneumonia was treated by regular protocol without particular considerations toward TS. It is worth mentioning that her recovery process was noticeably slower than non-TS patients with similar presentations. Because of her overall vulnerability due to chronic diseases, her slow recovery cannot be restrictedly addressed to TS. After one year of discharge, no recurrence has been reported to the moment.