CONCLUSIONS
Considering that the Mediterranean Basin is considered to be a ”hot spot” in climate change, it is stated that this situation may become more challenging especially for olive growers. Increasing evidence of significant climate change that may occur in the coming years necessitates the adoption of adaptation measures, in order to effectively deal with the anticipated changes, both short and long term adaptation strategies have been adopted by industry stakeholders and decision makers to adapt to a hotter and drier future. It is stated that the expected increases in temperatures depending on the changes in the climates may increase the length of the growing season in olives, cause changes in the phenological timings, especially in flowering, and that higher temperatures and increased evaporation will accelerate fruit ripening, revealing the need for early harvest even at lower maturity levels. It is known that olive oils obtained from olives grown in different regions in our country, under changing climatic conditions, show different characteristics from each other. Due to the fact that primary production is affected by climatic and agricultural conditions. This study was carried out to investigate whether these deviations occur due to agricultural or climatic reasons.
According to results of research the MI values of olives varied between 0.94-4.15, FFA 0.07-1.27 values ranged between (in oleic acid %), FAEE values ranged between 1.56-27.32 mg/kg, oleic acid values varied between 67.26-73.77%, linoleic acid values varied between 6.14-12.83%, linolenic acid values varied between 0.52-0.81% and delta-7-stigmastenol values ranged between 0.16-1.14%. International standards specify the delta-7-stigmastenol limit value as ≤0.5%. It was determined that delta-7-stigmastenol values of 21 samples between 0.50-1.14 above this value according to years and provinces (varieties). In our research, multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate whether there is a relationship between climate data and delta-7-stigmastenol values by years. First of all, correlation analysis was made between climate data and delta-7-stigmastenol values, then 5 candidate climate data with the highest absolute correlation coefficient were selected and multiple regression analysis was performed. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, it was determined that the delta-7-stigmastenol value was high when the annual average relative humidity was low and the annual average temperature was high.
Future climatic predictions reveal that perennial crops such as olive trees, especially water, physiological processes, phenological timings, can have serious adverse effects on final yield and quality characteristics. There is an urgent need to make forward-looking plans due to climate change. Projects should be made by focusing on how the olive varieties will behave depending on climate change. In the development and selection of new olive varieties; Criteria such as resistant to diseases and pests, resistant to high temperatures and drought, high quality and antioxidant properties of table and oil olives should be taken into consideration.