CONCLUSIONS
Considering that the Mediterranean Basin is considered to be a ”hot
spot” in climate change, it is stated that this situation may become
more challenging especially for olive growers. Increasing evidence of
significant climate change that may occur in the coming years
necessitates the adoption of adaptation measures, in order to
effectively deal with the anticipated changes, both short and long term
adaptation strategies have been adopted by industry stakeholders and
decision makers to adapt to a hotter and drier future. It is stated that
the expected increases in temperatures depending on the changes in the
climates may increase the length of the growing season in olives, cause
changes in the phenological timings, especially in flowering, and that
higher temperatures and increased evaporation will accelerate fruit
ripening, revealing the need for early harvest even at lower maturity
levels. It is known that olive oils obtained from olives grown in
different regions in our country, under changing climatic conditions,
show different characteristics from each other. Due to the fact that
primary production is affected by climatic and agricultural conditions.
This study was carried out to investigate whether these deviations occur
due to agricultural or climatic reasons.
According to results of research the MI values of olives varied between
0.94-4.15, FFA 0.07-1.27 values ranged between (in oleic acid %), FAEE
values ranged between 1.56-27.32 mg/kg, oleic acid values varied between
67.26-73.77%, linoleic acid values varied between 6.14-12.83%,
linolenic acid values varied between 0.52-0.81% and
delta-7-stigmastenol values ranged between 0.16-1.14%. International
standards specify the delta-7-stigmastenol limit value as ≤0.5%. It was
determined that delta-7-stigmastenol values of 21 samples between
0.50-1.14 above this value according to years and provinces (varieties).
In our research, multiple linear regression analysis was performed to
investigate whether there is a relationship between climate data and
delta-7-stigmastenol values by years. First of all, correlation analysis
was made between climate data and delta-7-stigmastenol values, then 5
candidate climate data with the highest absolute correlation coefficient
were selected and multiple regression analysis was performed. As a
result of the multiple regression analysis, it was determined that the
delta-7-stigmastenol value was high when the annual average relative
humidity was low and the annual average temperature was high.
Future climatic predictions reveal that perennial crops such as olive
trees, especially water, physiological processes, phenological timings,
can have serious adverse effects on final yield and quality
characteristics. There is an urgent need to make forward-looking plans
due to climate change. Projects should be made by focusing on how the
olive varieties will behave depending on climate change. In the
development and selection of new olive varieties; Criteria such as
resistant to diseases and pests, resistant to high temperatures and
drought, high quality and antioxidant properties of table and oil olives
should be taken into consideration.