2.4 The pathological classification of vocal cord leukoplakia
The pathological results after biopsy or surgery are the gold standard
for the final diagnosis of vocal cord leukoplakia. According to the
World Health Organization classification criteria
(2005),6 vocal cord leukoplakia is classified into
benign and malignant types: benign leukoplakia, which includes
inflammation, simple hyperplasia, mild dysplasia, and moderate
dysplasia, and malignant leukoplakia, which includes severe dysplasia,
carcinoma in situ , and invasive carcinoma.