Sampling and storage
From December 2017 to December 2021, the cutaneous samples from 10 gorals, 3 takins, 3 golden monkeys, 2 giant panda, 1 serow, and 5 wild boars were collected. All the animals except one panda, had died naturally, and the details of sampling are presented in table 1 and Figure 1. The samples were fixed with 4% neutral formalin and stored at 4℃ and -20℃ respectively. Cutaneous lesions on each dead animal were recorded and scored using a numerical scale according to the area and severity of lesions(Borchard et al., 2012). The severity of the gross lesions was assessed and assigned with a score of 0 to 3 scale based on the gross observation, corresponding to the lesion area on different parts of the body: 0(no obvious lesions),1(≤25% area), 2 (25%~50% area), or 3(50%≤ area).