3.5 Late serum markers of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Serum metabolites that were significantly different between AKI and no AKI were predominantly elevated in the AKI group (Figure 5 ), with the exception of glutamine, which was 1.55-fold lower in AKI patients at the post timepoint (Table 2 , Figure 5B ). Serum levels of creatinine (↑1.81-fold), linolenic acid (↑1.97-fold), octenoylcarnitine (↑2.09-fold), octanoylcarnitine (↑2.46-fold), indoxyl sulfate (↑2.87-fold), and N,N,N-trimethyl-L-alanyl-L-proline betaine (TMAP, ↑1.87-fold) were significantly higher in AKI patients at the post timepoint compared to no AKI patients (Table 2, Figure 5A, 5C-5G ). AUROC values for all serum metabolites at the post timepoint were greater than 0.7, with octenoylcarnitine and TMAP having AUROC > 0.8, and creatinine, octanoylcarnitine, and indoxyl sulfate AUROC values > 0.9 (Figure 5H ). Additionally, the AUROC values of ocanoylcarnitine at the pre timepoint and indoxyl sulfate and TMAP at the 24-48h timepoint were greater than 0.7, though the differences were not statistically significant (Figure 5H ).