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\title{}



\author[1]{Robert Koller}%
\author[1]{Ralf Metzner}%
\author[1]{Daniel Pflugfelder}%
\author[1]{Jonas Bühler}%
\author[1]{Antonia Chlubek}%
\author[1]{Siegfried Jahnke}%
\author[2]{Gregor Huber}%
\affil[1]{Institute of Bio-and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich}%
\affil[2]{Forschungszentrum Jülich (Juelich Research Centre)}%


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  \date{June 08, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
In natural ecosystems and low-input agriculture systems often the main
source of nitrogen is biological nitrogen fixation by symbiotic
coexistence with root colonizing microorganisms such as in root nodules
in legumes. In return for this nutrient supply, plants allocate
significant amount of photosynthetically fixed carbon (C) belowground,
fueling activity and growth of the nodules. However, there is still a
lack in understanding how plants modulate carbon allocation to a
nodulated root system as a dynamic response to abiotic stimuli.
Traditional approaches based on destructive sampling make investigations
of localized carbon allocation dynamics difficult. Non-destructive
3D-imaging methods including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) offers new perspective in analysing
belowground processes on individual plants. MRI allows for repetitive
measurements and quantification of root system architecture traits
nodule structures while growing. PET was employed to follow the spatial
distribution of leaf-supplied 11 C tracer to nodules and roots. Using
Pisum sativum as model for legumes and applying nitrate as an additional
N source we investigated short term C allocation dynamics in the root
system. We found that the fraction of 11 C tracer arriving in the most
active nodules decreased by almost 40\% and remained stable between 16h
and 42h after the N application. Our results highlight that the
combination of MRI-PET enables deeper insights into short term C
dynamics of roots and interactions with colonizing microbes. We expect
that this modality has high potential for revealing mechanisms that
relate to dynamic fitness traits supporting breedingprograms for future
crops.%
\end{abstract}%



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