1 Introduction
In recent years, the world economic situation has been in a depressed state, and all countries are looking for an economic breakthrough to stimulate economic recovery and growth. In this context, Germany officially launched the ”Industry 4.0” strategy combined with ”Internet + manufacturing” at Hannover Messe in 2013.(Tseng,M.L.,2018), and other countries have put forward industrial strategies in line with their national conditions based on their own characteristics.
China has now fully entered the aging stage, the quantity and quality of the labor force are declining, and the particularity of the construction industry, for example: belongs to the labor-intensive industry, many working procedures rely on the cooperation of many people; It is a high-risk industry. According to the statistics of accidents above large level in all industries in 2016 by the National Bureau of Statistics, the number of accidents and casualties in the construction industry is second only to the transportation industry, and far higher than other industries; It is an industry with intensive demand for resources, and the traditional manual operation is too extensive, so the construction quality can’t be effectively controlled. Therefore, we put forward the ”building 4.0” strategy.(Xia, Zh -ao.,2015), that is, combining with the characteristics of the construction industry, the introduction of industrial robot technology, forming targeted construction robots, this strategy is an effective way to solve the above problems in the construction industry.
At present, the development of building robots is still in the initial stage and has not yet formed a unified large-scale production. This paper analyzes the application status of the existing wall construction robot, decoration building robot, maintenance building robot, rescue building robot and 3D printing building robot, and summarizes the relevant key technologies. It points out the development direction of the key technologies of building robots in the future, that is, the realization of building robots with high precision, light weight and intelligence.