4 conclusion
Construction robot is a new field of cross fusion of robot technology and construction industry, and its application scope covers every stage of building life cycle. This paper summarizes the application fields and key technologies of wall construction robot, decoration construction robot, maintenance construction robot, rescue construction robot, 3D printing construction robot, etc. In order to realize the healthy development of future construction robot, the following characteristics need to be reflected:
(1) High precision. On the basis of optimizing the trajectory of structural design and positioning control, multiple sensors and combined algorithms are integrated to make up for or improve the defects of their functions, save costs and improve the accuracy of operations. For example, Michael Albert et al. (2015) change the original positioning technology and use the laser marking method to integrate multiple laser sensors. A relatively perfect laser sensor system is formed, which realizes the accurate positioning of the robot and the cost is low.
(2) Lightweight. Weight has a significant impact on the robot’s operational functions. The lightweight characteristics of the robot can be reflected by optimizing the structural design and selecting materials such as alloy. For example, Yutan Li et al. (2018) optimized the design of the shell of the CMRR rescue robot based on the maximum stress formula of the reinforced plate.
(3) Intelligent. We will combine the theories of brain imitation technology, big data technology, sensing technology, kinematics and dynamics with the construction industry to develop intelligent building robots with multiple functions.