2.3. Search Design
Two reviewers (Z.Y.Z and J.Z) independently searched the literature and screen the titles, abstracts and full texts to select all relevant studies that met the inclusion criteria. A study would be included if the following criteria were met: (1) randomized controlled trials and cohort, observational studies, and single-arm studies; (2)studies comparing clinical outcomes comparing TEE vs. ICE for endocardial LAAO, including efficacy outcome (e.g., procedural success) and safety outcomes (e.g. short-term complications and long-term complications); (3) studies with full text published in peer-reviewed journals; and studies containing the most data for multiple publications of the same study . Case reports, editorial, review articles, studies without original data letters and studies reporting clinical outcomes with hybrid LAAO procedures were excluded. Meanwhile, a third reviewer (R.X.W) resolved any disagreements about eligibility