Procedure
The structured interviews for qualitative data collection were conducted over Zoomâ„¢ (Zoom Video Communication Inc., San Jose, California), recorded, and transcribed for research purposes. The open-ended questions were prepared in advance and were consistent across all participants (Appendix 1). The questions were prepared to encompass varied and clinically-relevant components 3D endoscopic surgery. Moreover, particular attention was paid to contrast 3D endoscopy to conventional surgical technology, including 2D endoscopy and the surgical microscope.