2.11 Electromobility shift assays (EMSA)
The MdWRKY33-His and biotin-labeled probes (NCED1 -probe andNCED3 -probe) were obtained from Sangon Biotech, China. The probes
were mixed with MdWRKY33-His protein or a protein-free binding buffer
for 25 min at 24 °C. EMSA was then conducted using an EMSA kit from
Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA) following the manufacturer’s
instructions.