Conclusions
In this investigation, we conducted a whole-genome SNP analysis to
investigate detailed kinships and identify potential biases among
families. Our findings indicate that family bias might be associated
with the age and timing of release. Additionally, the high proportion of
siblings among the F0 cohort highlights the severely
depleted genetic diversity of the natural population. We have also made
novel contributions to the development of methods for characterizing
detailed kinships in populations with extremely low genetic diversity,
and we anticipate that our approach will prove beneficial for kinship
estimation and genealogical analysis for other endangered species.
Acknowledgements
We thank the Shitara Dam Construction Office of the Chubu Regional
Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and
Tourism, Japan, for providing the data on the captive breeding,
reintroduction, and reproduction program of T. ichikawai . This
study was conducted as part of the endangered freshwater fishes
conservation project by Shitara Dam Construction Office. We thank IDEA
Consultants, Inc.; and Aichi Fisheries Research Institute, for sample
collection. We are also grateful to Katsutoshi Watanabe, Yo Y. Yamasaki,
Keisuke Onuki, Ryoya Yanada, Masato Kinoshita, Jinliang Wang, Thomas A.
Delomas, and Jisca Huisman for their helpful comments. The authors
declare no conflicts of interest associated with this manuscript.
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Table 1. Families of all 47 F2 individuals identified
from the kinship analysis.