Fourier transform an algorithm which is used to decompose pure analogue signals has very few practical applications which led to the discovery of Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), even though DFT considered the finite, discontinuous nature of real-world signals, its application was limited due to the requirement of high calculating power to decompose the signal. Discovery of Fast Fourier transform (FFT) in 1965 reduced the number of calculations and calculation time required to decompose a signal and revolutionised the world with numerous applications such as radar, sonar, 5G, Wi-Fi, seismology making it a cornerstone in signal processing. We discuss the historic significance of discovery of FFT, its significance in nuclear arms race, overcoming the challenge of detecting covert underground nuclear tests, FFT algorithm helping in adoption of Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) and the missed opportunity to stop nuclear weapon development by earlier discovery of the same algorithm.