Introduction: Leptospirosis is a disease caused by a bacterium in the genus Leptospira which is carried and transmitted by animals, thus making it a zoonotic disease. Leptospirosis is more commonly seen in the tropics and in people who work outdoors or with animals. Aim: This present article aimed to equip the government of Vanuatu and the global community on the proper health planning and management of leptospirosis in Vanuatu. And also to bring leptospirosis to public light in Vanuatu so that appropriate government and private bodies in the country can put more resources towards eradicating the disease. Methodology: In writing this article, peer-reviewed scientific articles obtained from PubMed, ResearchGate and Google Scholar databases were consulted. We synthesised our findings and engaged in a discussion emphasising the urgent need for global health attention and collaborative efforts to mitigate the rising cases of leptospirosis in Vanuatu. Result: We found an increase in leptospirosis cases in Vanuatu from January to March 2023. As of 31 March 2023, 8 new Leptospirosis cases were recorded from 23 March to 30 March 2023. As a result of this, a total of 51 leptospirosis cases have been recorded since January 2023. One death was reported during the last week of March 2023, with a total of 6 deaths. Conclusion: To halt the spread of leptospirosis in Vanuatu, a multi-pronged strategy must be devised by the government of Vanuatu, including various stakeholders in Vanuatu as well as international bodies, governmental officials, the medical communities, and public health scholars in the world.

A massive upsurge in the number of measles cases has been recently reported from South Africa, with 382 confirmed cases spread across five regions: Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Free State, and North West. The number of daily cases has been growing, resulting in more throat swabs and blood samples being sent to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and measles serology testing. A rapid response to control the outbreak has emerged. All parents and caregivers residing in South Africa have been urged to check their children’s and the populations’ measles vaccination status respectively. Plans for case management, and prevention of further spread, not only in the province but also to neighboring countries, will need external support and funding.

Malawi’s deadliest cholera outbreak in two decades has killed over 643 people as the illness spread across the country’s entire southeastern region. According to estimates, roughly one-third of Malawi’s safe water sources are inoperable. According to reports, all shallow wells in Malawi, particularly those near oceans that frequently rain, are tainted with feces. Cholera detection relies mainly on the clinical identification of cases presenting with watery diarrhea with a confirmed positive culture test or a positive polymerase chain reaction. There are three oral cholera vaccines as follows; Dukoral ®, Shanchol TM, and Euvichol-Plus ® which are administered in two doses.